Molecular and Cell Biology and Genetics

Doctoral degree in full-time or combined form. The language of instruction is Czech.

The programme can be studied only as a single subject.

Application deadline depending on the admission procedure chosen (midnight 30 April 2026 or 15 December 2026)

What will you learn?

The program is product of fusion of former independent Molecular and Cellular Biology with General and Molecular Genetics. We propose the fusion to reflect modern holistic approaches dominating in both fields that converge them to close proximity and bringing benefits to both of them. The aim of the program is providing excellent scientific education in the field of molecular and cell biology and genetics. The graduates thus should be proficient to accomplish research of living phenomena on molecular, cellular, tissue or organismal levels. To achieve this aim, students are systematically guided to advance their theoretical knowledge in the field and master practical skills in applications of modern methods of molecular and cellular biology, genetics and other related fields. The key themes include study of genes and genomes and their expression in microorganisms, plants, animals and humans. Special attention is paid to their relations to pathological conditions. Research performed on microorganisms is focused preferentially on molecular diagnosis and genomics of selected pathogenic and clinically significant bacterial strains and their interactions with bacteriophages. Research of plants is concentrated mainly on genes of model plants and plants used in agriculture. In animals and humans, research is focused on genetical structure of populations, molecular diagnosis of prenatal and postnatal pathogenic situations, genetics of tumors, study of signalling processes connected with deregulation of proliferation, differentiation and programmed cell death in tumor cells and detection of genetical factors associated with certain polygenic diseases. Students are free to perform independent research in well-equipped laboratories and experienced supervisors are nominated to guide them in this effort. Students are continuously confronted with progress in the field by discussions in regular laboratory meetings, institutional seminars or conferences. Students successfully presenting their results in conferences or written articles can be awarded by special scholarships for excellent representation of the Deparmtent of Experimental Biology and following activities:

1. Successfull presentation record resulting from reaching aims of Ph.D. thesis projects, such as:

  • papers in international journals or chapters in monographies, considering ranking of the journal (IF, Q), placings of the student among co-authors, number of co-authors, proportion of the student efforts on the published results.
  • presentation of the results on conferencies, considering placings of the student amnog co-authors, number of co-authors, proportion of the student efforts on the published results and the type of the conference (international or domestic).

The scholarship can be used for partial covering of travel/accomodation expenses or conference fees.

The essential condition for awarding the scholarship is correct affiliation of the presentations (both papers and conference abstracts) to the Deparment of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University.

2. Participation in teaching younger students of Master programmes how to perform experimental methods and interprete the results obtained.

3. Participation in grant projects. Long-lasting participation and significant contribution to accomplishing the projects aims can be awarded by getting part-time job or contract for certain period.

“Windows of the living cell universe wide-opened.”

Practical training

The students who are interested in applied research can collaborate with companies as Repromeda (assisted reproduction), MB Pharma (devising phage preparations) or to participate in grant projects funded by TACR leading to applied outcomes. We aim to further support contractual research with applied potential, search for suitable partners and provide them with option to collaborate with students interested in this kind of research.

Further information

Additional information can be found in following addresses:

http://www.sci.muni.cz/cz/DoktorskeStudium/Prehled-programu-a-oboru

http://www.sci.muni.cz/cz/UEB

The Office for Doctoral Studies, Quality, Academic Affairs and Internationalization takes care of doctoral students SCI MU

https://www.sci.muni.cz/en/students/phd

On the department's website, you can find the following information:

  • Forms (application forms for state examinations and defences, various applications, etc. )
  • Legislation (links to: MU Study and Examination Regulations, Scholarship Regulations of MU, Terms of Scholarship Programmes of the Faculty of Science)
  • Dissertations (Guidelines for dissertations, templates)
  • Manuals (guidelines for Individual Study Plans, study and research obligations in DSP, etc.)
  • Doctoral study programmes (recommended study plans, examination committees, overview of accredited programmes)
  • Deadlines for the doctoral state examinations and defences
  • Enrolment (information needed for the enrolment to the next semester)
  • Graduation

but also office hours, contacts, news, information on skills development and scholarships.

Detailed information on stays abroad can be found on this website:

https://www.sci.muni.cz/en/students/phd/develop-your-skills/stay-abroad

Career opportunities

Graduates find positions in various research institutes, universities, hospitals and other medical facilities and laboratories oriented to virology, microbiology, genetics, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacology, pathology, etc. They are ready to perform independent research, draft scientific projects, create grant applications, design experimental work itself, interprete results rigorously and present them in oral as well as written forms. They are also educated to act as teachers. Graduates from this program are sought-after by employers and many of them currently work on positions of leading researchers, university teachers, top managers and directors in various research and education institutions in Brno, Prague, Ostrava, České Budějovice, Olomouc, etc. Many graduates leaves for postdoctoral stays abroad, especially to west-european countries, USA, Canada, Japan, Australia. They often become highly-appreciated members of research teams there.

Admission requirements

Admission to Doctoral degree programmes in 2026/2027 (beginning: Autumn 2026)
— Submission deadline until midnight 30 Apr 2026

Admission procedure
The admission procedure takes place in the form of an oral entrance examination (usually in an online form), which has two parts:
1) Expert interview – the committee examines the applicant's professional competence and motivation on the basis of his/her CV, motivation letter and letter of recommendation, submitted by the applicant together with the application form. During the interview candidates present their PhD research project including methodology, and expected outputs in the presence of the supervisor. The committee also evaluates the candidate's knowledge of molecular and cell biology and genetics, with an emphasis on the area of planned research and his/her ability to put the findings into a general context (maximum 100 points).
2) Language part – the committee evaluates the candidate's ability to present and discuss his/her previous/current scientific (diploma) work and the concept of the planned PhD research in English. (max. 100 points).

More information about admission process for international applicants in general can be found here.

Date of the entrance exam
The applicants will receive information about the entrance exam by e-mail usually at least 7 days before the exam.
Please, always check your e-mails, including spam folders.

Conditions of admission
To be admitted, a candidate must obtain a total of 70 out of 100 points in the expert knowledge part and 60 out of 100 points in the language part.
Successful applicants are informed of their acceptance by e-mail and subsequently receive an invitation to the enrolment.

Programme capacity
The capacity of a given programme is not fixed; students are admitted based on a decision by the Doctoral Board after assessing their aptitude for study and motivation.

International applicants for doctoral study (Czech and Slovak Republics applicants NOT included)
— Submission deadline until midnight 15 Dec 2026

Admission procedure
The admission interview is usually in an online form and consists of two parts:
1) Expert interview – the committee examines the applicant's professional competence and motivation on the basis of his/her CV, motivation letter and letter of recommendation, submitted by the applicant together with the application form. During the interview candidates present their PhD research project including methodology, and expected outputs in the presence of the supervisor. The committee also evaluates the candidate's knowledge of molecular and cell biology and genetics, with an emphasis on the area of planned research and his/her ability to put the findings into a general context (maximum 100 points),
2) Language part – the committee evaluates the candidate's ability to present and discuss his/her previous/current scientific (diploma) work and the concept of the planned PhD research in English. (max. 100 points).

More information about admission process for international applicants in general can be found in the section Admission Process.

Date of the entrance exam
The applicants will receive information about the entrance exam by e-mail usually at least 10 days before the exam.
Please, always check your e-mails, including spam folders.

Conditions of admission
To be admitted, a candidate must obtain a total of 70 out of 100 points in the expert knowledge part and 60 out of 100 points in the language part.
Successful applicants are informed of their acceptance by e-mail and subsequently receive an invitation to the enrolment.

Programme capacity
The capacity of a given programme is not fixed; students are admitted based on a decision by the Doctoral Board after assessing their aptitude for study and motivation.

Deadlines

1 Jan – 30 Apr 2026

Submit your application during this period

Admission to Doctoral degree programmes in 2026/2027 (beginning: Autumn 2026)

2 Jan – 15 Dec 2026

Submit your application during this period

International applicants for doctoral study (Czech and Slovak Republics applicants NOT included)

Dissertation topics

Single-subject studies

Advanced neuroblastoma models for drug discovery
Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jan Škoda, Ph.D.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and remains a major therapeutic challenge. Despite intensive multimodal therapies, about half of the high-risk neuroblastoma patients eventually die from the disease, highlighting the urgent need for more predictive preclinical models to support the identification of novel and clinically effective therapeutics. This PhD project aims to utilize and refine advanced in vitro and in vivo models of neuroblastoma to improve drug discovery and validation. Specifically, the work will focus on 3D tumor spheroid cultures, which better replicate the architecture and heterogeneity of pediatric solid tumors compared to conventional 2D models. Complementary in vivo models will be used to assess therapeutic responses in a systemic and physiologically relevant context. These models will be applied to test therapeutic approaches that act on mitochondrial synthetic lethality (Borankova et al., Cell Death Dis. 2023) or additional targets identified by our group (Kameneva et al., Nat Commun. 2022). The overall goal is to establish a robust platform that bridges the gap between preclinical and clinical neuroblastoma research, ultimately facilitating the discovery of more effective and clinically relevant therapies for high-risk neuroblastoma.
 
PLEASE NOTE: Before initiating the formal application process to doctoral studies, interested candidates are required to contact the potential supervisor (jan.skoda@sci.muni.cz) for an informal interview.
* Funding: Project no. NW26-07-00021 of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Czech Republic, “Drug repurposing for the therapy of MYC-driven pediatric tumors via mitochondrial synthetic lethality"
* Lab website: https://www.sci.muni.cz/ltb
Supervisor

doc. RNDr. Jan Škoda, Ph.D.

Biological Evaluation and Mechanisms of Action of Supramolecular Platinum Drugs in Cancer Therapy
Supervisor: Mgr. Jitka Holčáková, Ph.D.

Platinové komplexy patří mezi nejpoužívanější protinádorová léčiva, jejich účinnost je však často omezena vznikem lékové rezistence a nízkou selektivitou vůči nádorovým buňkám. Proto se výzkum soustředí na vývoj cílených systémů, které umožňují efektivnější transport léčiv do nádorových buněk a minimalizaci nežádoucích účinků. 
Náplní práce je studium biologických účinků nově vyvinutých platinových(IV) proléčiv a jejich komplexů s makrocyklickými nosiči. Zaměří se na charakterizaci a biologická hodnocení těchto komplexů, zejména na studium jejich buněčného příjmu, intracelulární distribuci, mechanismus účinku a schopnosti překonávat lékovou rezistenci, s důrazem na vztah mezi strukturou, transportem a biologickou aktivitou.
V rámci projektu budou využívány metody:
  • buněčné testy viability, živé zobrazování buněk, fluorescenční mikroskopie a další molekulárně-biologické metody pro hodnocení cytotoxicity, buněčné odpovědi, poškození DNA nebo aktivace signálních drah
  • průtoková cytometrie, subcelulární frakcionace a ICP-MS - charakterizace buněčného příjmu a distribuce platinových komplexů
  • využití inhibitorů a siRNA na specializovaných buněčných modelech - mechanismy lékové rezistence a buněčného transportu
  • in vivo testy na modelech lidských nádorových xenograftů u imunodeficientních myší
Cílem práce je přispět k hlubšímu pochopení biologického chování supramolekulárních platinových systémů a podpořit jejich další vývoj směrem k bezpečnější a účinnější protinádorové terapii.
Práce je financována projektem AZV ČR (NW26-08-00046) a Výzkumným centrem pro aplikovanou molekulární onkologii (RECAMO). Pracovní úvazek kandidáta bude zajištěn grantem/institucionální podporou + stipendiem v minimální výši stanovené § 91a zákona č. 111/1998 Sb. Současně bude zajištěna plná podpora při žádosti o další zdroje financování (Brno Ph.D. Talent, cestovní granty, Program výzkumu MOÚ apod.), možnost prezentace výsledků na mezinárodních konferencích i absolvování krátkodobého výzkumného pobytu v zahraničí na relevantních institucích. Práce bude probíhat na oddělení RECAMO Masarykova onkologického ústavu. Kandidát se stane součástí Výzkumné skupiny Romana Hrstky. Skupina se zaměřuje na identifikaci a validaci nových nádorových biomarkerů (proteinů, DNA a RNA) s cílem jejich zavedení do klinické praxe – zejména pro zpřesnění diagnostiky, monitorování minimální reziduální choroby a detekci či predikci přítomnosti metastáz. Vedle využívání moderních analytických metod se výzkumná skupina také věnuje testování nově vyvinutých potenciálních protinádorových léčiv a charakterizaci molekulárních mechanismů jejich účinku.
https://www.mou.cz/vyzkumne-centrum-aplikovane-molekularni-onkologie-recamo/t1478
Před zahájením formálního procesu podávání přihlášek do doktorského studia se zájemci musí obrátit na školitele (jitka.holcakova@mou.cz) a domluvit si neformální pohovor.
Supervisor

Mgr. Jitka Holčáková, Ph.D.

Function of CDK12 in differentiation of mammary epithelial cells
Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Jiří Kohoutek, Ph.D.

Replication stress-induced DNA damage is a key trigger for functional differentiation of mammary epithelial cells into milk-secreting alveolar cells. Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 - CDK12 regulates transcription of DNA damage repair pathway genes and is frequently mutated in cancer, but its role in normal mammary gland biology is unexplored. Our preliminary data show that Cdk12 heterozygous mice exhibit lactation defects, and CDK12 inhibition in primary mammary epithelial cells and organoids disrupts lactogenic differentiation, reduces polyploidization, and decreases milk protein production. These findings point to a novel, essential function of CDK12 in mammary gland differentiation. Student will utilize well characterized cell lines to explore role of CDK12 in cell signaling and molecular machinery involved in mammary gland differentiation by use of gene expression reporter systems, protein-protein interaction technique, immunofluorescence, FACS and CRIPSR based strategy. By identifying CDK12 as a key player in normal mammary function, this work may provide critical insights into lactation failure and functional consequences of CDK12 to progression of breast cancer.
Please note: The applicant is required to contact jiri.kohoutek@sci.muni.cz for an enrolling interview.
Motivated, talented and focused applicants are welcome.
Supervisor: Jiří Kohoutek is focused on regulation of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II, primarily at the level of the RNA polymerase II modification, phosphorylation, by cyclin-dependent kinases, CDKs. Among them CDK12 and CDK13 are main interest of our group and we are only starting to appreciate their unique roles of CDKs in various cellular processes. In collaboration with other research laboratories, we have published several manuscripts describing role of CDK12 and CDK13 in mouse development. The supervisor has been mentoring 3 PhD and 5 Master’s students.   
Department: Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Department of Experimental biology, Faculty of Science
Funding:The position and research activities will be supported by the supervisor’s starting grant GAČR 26-21568S. The candidate will be entitled to 0,5 FTE covered by the grant/institutional support. It is highly appreciated if applicant will be keen to apply for additional scholarship support for additional sources of funding, such as Brno PhD talent, travel grants, MSCA fellowships, and others. The applicant will also present its results at national or international conferences and will be highly supported to accommodate research stay at relevant institutions.
Supervisor

doc. Mgr. Jiří Kohoutek, Ph.D.

Supervisors

Study information

Provided by Faculty of Science
Type of studies Doctoral
Mode full-time Yes
combined Yes
distance No
Study options single-subject studies Yes
single-subject studies with specialization No
major/minor studies No
Standard length of studies 4 years
Language of instruction Czech
Collaborating institutions
  • The Czech Academy of Sciences
  • Biofyzikální ústav AV ČR
Doctoral board and doctoral committees

Do you have any questions?
Send us an e-mail to

prof. Mgr. Petr Beneš, Ph.D.

Consultant

e‑mail:

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